BTLA/HVEM Pathway: Emerging Checkpoint Biology Driving Next-Gen Immunotherapy

Why the BTLA/HVEM Pathway Matters?
HVEM is a key immune signaling receptor that interacts with multiple ligands, including BTLA, CD160, LIGHT, and LTα, regulating both inhibitory and stimulatory immune responses.
The BTLA/HVEM axis is a critical inhibitory pathway with mechanisms complementary to PD-1/PD-L1. BTLA blockade may restore T-cell function and enhance anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Because BTLA competes with LIGHT for HVEM binding, BTLA blockade also enhances HVEM-LIGHT co-stimulation, thereby providing dual anti-tumor activity.
This pathway has been implicated in tumors and immune disorders. Targeted antibodies, cell therapies, and combination strategies are currently under clinical development.
BTLA-HVEM Interaction Network

BTLA-HVEM Interaction Network
(https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116231)

Application Focus

Representative Programs

Core Mechanisms

Tumor Immunotherapy

Solid tumors & hematologic malignancies

1. BTLA blockade: Tifcemalimab (anti-BTLA mAb)

2. Dual blockade: Tifcemalimab + Toripalimab (anti-PD-1)

1. Restore T/NK cell cytotoxicity

2. Reverse T-cell exhaustion

3. Enhance immune cell infiltration into the TME

Autoimmune Diseases

Inflammatory diseases, atopic dermatitis, Sjögren’s syndrome, SLE, psoriasis

ANB032 (BTLA agonist)

1. Suppress autoreactive T-cell activation

2. Reduce excessive inflammatory responses

Neuroimmune Diseases

Multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica

VTC-890 (LIGHT/TL1A bispecific mAb) + Interferon β (investigational)

1. Reduce demyelination

2. Restore immune homeostasis in the CNS

Why Choose ACROBiosystems?
ACROBiosystems offers high-purity, multi-tagged, high-activity recombinant proteins for BTLA, HVEM, LIGHT, and CD160. We also provide FACS-validated stable cell lines and MOA-validated BTLA/HVEM reporter cell lines stable for > 20 passages, suitable for immunology research, antibody screening, functional assays, and signaling pathway studies.

Product Features

Proteins

High purity (MALS/HPLC verified)

Multi-species, multi-tag options

High bioactivity (ELISA/SPR/FACS validated)

Strict QC for batch consistency

Cell Lines

Design based on explicit MOA

Stable passage over 20 generations

High sensitivity, strong signal, large detection window

Clinical declaration and CMC document support

Product List

BTLA
HVEM
LIGHT
CD160

Validation Data

LIGHT Trimer Structure Verified by SEC-MALS
LIGHT Trimer Structure Verified by SEC-MALS

The purity of Human LIGHT Protein, Fc Tag (Cat. No. LIT-H5269) is more than 95% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 180-200 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

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BTLA-HVEM Binding Activity Verified by ELISA
BTLA-HVEM Binding Activity Verified by ELISA

Immobilized Human BTLA (31-150), His Tag (Cat. No. BTA-H52H3) at 5 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Human HVEM, Fc Tag (Cat. No. HVM-H5258) with a linear range of 0.005-0.313 μg/mL (QC tested).

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LIGHT-HVEM Binding Activity Verified by ELISA
LIGHT-HVEM Binding Activity Verified by ELISA

Immobilized Human LIGHT, Mouse IgG2a Fc Tag, low endotoxin (Cat. No. LIT-H5256) at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Biotinylated Human HVEM, Fc, Avitag (Cat. No. HVM-H82F6) with a linear range of 0.6-39 ng/mL (QC tested).

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BTLA-HVEM Binding Affinity Verified by BLI
BTLA-HVEM Binding Affinity Verified by BLI

Loaded Human BTLA (31-150), His Tag (Cat. No. BTA-H52H3) on NTA Biosensor, can bind Human HVEM, Mouse IgG2a Fc Tag, low endotoxin with an affinity constant of 20.8 nM as determined in BLI assay (ForteBio Octet Red96e) (Routinely tested).

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Human LIGHT-induced Cytotoxicity in HT-29 Cells
Human LIGHT-induced Cytotoxicity in HT-29 Cells

Human LIGHT Protein, His Tag (Cat. No. LIT-H5242) induced cytotoxicity in HT-29 cells. The ED50 for this effect is 1.11-3.87 ng/mL (Routinely tested).

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HVEM Expression Validation in HVEM (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cells (FACS)
HVEM Expression Validation in HVEM (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cells (FACS)

Expression analysis of human HVEM on Human HVEM (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cell by FACS.Cell surface staining was performed on Human HVEM (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cell (Cat. No. CHEK-ATF105) or negative control cell using PE-labeled anti-human HVEM antibody

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Neutralizing Antibody Screening with CHO/Human BTLA Stable Cell Lin
Neutralizing Antibody Screening with CHO/Human BTLA Stable Cell Lin

Inhibition of human BTLA overexpressing on CHO cells induced reporter activity by anti-human BTLA antibody.This reporter cell was incubated with serial dilutions of antibodies in the presence of CHO/Human BTLA Stable Cell Line (Cat. No. SCCHO-ATP110). The EC50 of anti-human BTLA neutralizing antibody is approximately 0.212 μg/mL.

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Expression analysis of human HVEM on Human HVEM (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cell by FACS.
Expression analysis of human HVEM on Human HVEM (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cell by FACS.

Passage stability analysis by Signaling Bioassay. The continuously growing Human HVEM (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cell (Cat. No. CHEK-ATF105) was incubated with CHO/Human BTLA Stable Cell Line (Cat. No. SCCHO-ATP110). The human BTLA-overexpressing CHO cells stimulated response demonstrates passage stabilization (fold induction) across passage 7-25.

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Inhibition of human BTLA overexpressing on CHO cells induced reporter activity by anti-human BTLA antibody.
Inhibition of human BTLA overexpressing on CHO cells induced reporter activity by anti-human BTLA antibody.

Passage stability analysis of receptor expression by FACS. Flow cytometry surface staining of human BTLA on CHO/Human BTLA Stable Cell Line (Cat. No. SCCHO-ATP110) demonstrates consistent mean fluorescent intensity across passage 3-20.

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Clinical Drug Information

영어 이름연구 코드연구 개발 단계회사적응증임상 시험
QuisovalimabCERC-002; AEVI-002; MDGN-002; SAR-252067; AVTX-002Phase 2 ClinicalKyowa Hakko Kirin Co Ltd, La Jolla Pharmaceutical CompanyAcute Lung Injury; Asthma; Colitis, Ulcerative; Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); Crohn Disease; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult
상세
HFB-200603HFB-200603Phase 1 ClinicalHiFiBiO TherapeuticsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Colorectal Neoplasms; Melanoma; Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms
상세
HFB200604 AIDHFB-200604-AID; HFB200604; HFB-200604; HFB200604 AIDPhase 1 ClinicalHiFiBiO TherapeuticsAutoimmune Diseases; Inflammation
상세
VenanprubartLY-3361237Phase 1 ClinicalEli Lilly And Company, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research InstituteLupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Psoriasis; Sjogren's Syndrome
상세
ANB-032ANB-032Phase 1 ClinicalAnaptysbio IncDermatitis, Atopic; Eczema; Inflammation
상세
MB-272MB272; GS-0272Phase 1 ClinicalMiroBio Ltd, University Of OxfordArthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases
상세
TifcemalimabJS-004; TAB-004Phase 3 ClinicalShanghai Junshi Biosciences Co LtdCarcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Hodgkin Disease; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphoma; Melanoma; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma; Solid tumours; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
상세

Resource download

  • Background
  • Product Features
  • Product List
  • Validation Data
  • Clinical Drug Information
  • Related Product Recommendations
  • Resource download
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